What is an example of a construction hard cost ?

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试卷: LEED v4 GA模拟题C卷[查看]
What is an example of a construction hard cost ?
A: Reporting on a building’s energy consumption over time
B: Payments received from recycled materials
C: Permit fees
D: On-site renewable energy system

参考答案: D

本题解释:
正确答案：D
系统解析: D:An onsite renewable energy system is a mechanical system and would be a hard cost.

A:Reporting is a soft cost.

B:This isn’t a cost but a potential source of income.

C:Permit fees are a soft cost. A soft construction cost is one that is not directly related to building, construction, etc. These include building permit fees, architect fees, legal, financing, engineering fees, commissioning, and other costs incurred before and after construction.

Notes:

Hard costs: By far the largest portion of the expenses in a construction budget, the hard costs are mostly comprised of the actual construction costs incurred to build the project.

Examples include masonry, wood, steel, carpet, tile, mechanical systems, roofing.